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Momentum Calculator: p=mv & Impulse Solver

Quick answer: Momentum is mass times velocity (p = mv), measured in kg·m/s. This calculator solves for momentum, mass, velocity, or impulse (J = F × t) with metric and imperial units.

Last reviewed: September 2026

Key facts

  • Momentum = mass × velocity (p = mv).
  • SI unit: kg·m/s.
  • Momentum is a vector (has direction).
  • Impulse = F × t = Δp.

Free momentum calculator: solve p=mv for momentum, mass, or velocity, plus impulse mode.

How to use

  1. Choose momentum or impulse mode.
  2. Pick what to solve for.
  3. Enter values with correct units.
  4. Read result in kg·m/s.

Formulas

p = m × v    J = F × t = Δp

Worked examples

70 kg at 5 m/s: p = 70 × 5 = 350 kg·m/s.

Car 1500 kg at 60 km/h: 60/3.6 = 16.67 m/s. p = 1500 × 16.67 = 25,000 kg·m/s.

Impulse 200N × 0.5s: J = 100 N·s.

Frequently asked questions

Momentum vs kinetic energy?

Momentum (mv) is vector; KE (½mv²) is scalar. Double speed: momentum doubles, KE quadruples.

Is momentum conserved?

Only with no net external force. Friction and air resistance break conservation.

Can momentum be negative?

Yes, it's a vector. Sign depends on direction.

How does impulse explain airbags?

Longer crash time = smaller force for same momentum change.

Units of momentum?

kg·m/s (SI). N·s is equivalent.

Heavier always more momentum?

No, velocity matters too. Fast light object can beat slow heavy one.

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