Quick answer: Momentum is mass times velocity (p = mv), measured in kg·m/s. This calculator solves for momentum, mass, velocity, or impulse (J = F × t) with metric and imperial units.
Last reviewed: September 2026
Key facts
- Momentum = mass × velocity (p = mv).
- SI unit: kg·m/s.
- Momentum is a vector (has direction).
- Impulse = F × t = Δp.
Free momentum calculator: solve p=mv for momentum, mass, or velocity, plus impulse mode.
How to use
- Choose momentum or impulse mode.
- Pick what to solve for.
- Enter values with correct units.
- Read result in kg·m/s.
Formulas
p = m × v J = F × t = Δp
Worked examples
70 kg at 5 m/s: p = 70 × 5 = 350 kg·m/s.
Car 1500 kg at 60 km/h: 60/3.6 = 16.67 m/s. p = 1500 × 16.67 = 25,000 kg·m/s.
Impulse 200N × 0.5s: J = 100 N·s.
Frequently asked questions
Momentum vs kinetic energy?
Momentum (mv) is vector; KE (½mv²) is scalar. Double speed: momentum doubles, KE quadruples.
Is momentum conserved?
Only with no net external force. Friction and air resistance break conservation.
Can momentum be negative?
Yes, it's a vector. Sign depends on direction.
How does impulse explain airbags?
Longer crash time = smaller force for same momentum change.
Units of momentum?
kg·m/s (SI). N·s is equivalent.
Heavier always more momentum?
No, velocity matters too. Fast light object can beat slow heavy one.
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